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These differences are likely due to differences in access to mammography screening and the heterogeneity in the distribution of breast cancer risk factors. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the tumor, the patient’s condition, and the age of the patient, but the standard therapy is surgery, either radical or conservative, which may be combined with subsequent chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy can be immediate or deferred. Immediate reconstruction can be performed in one or two stages. In the first case, reconstruction is performed during the mastectomy, avoiding the patient’s subsequent visits to the operating room and preserving, whenever possible, the breast and areolar skin. In the second case, reconstruction occurs in two stages, with the placement of a tissue expander concurrently with the mastectomy, followed by the placement of a permanent prosthesis a few months later. Alternatively, a deferred reconstruction can be chosen, which involves starting the breast reconstruction process during a hospital stay following the mastectomy to complete any adjuvant therapies and determine the most appropriate type of reconstruction. Currently, there is evidence that immediate reconstruction does not affect the course of the disease or prevent the detection of local recurrences. It does not reduce the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy or postoperative radiotherapy, and therefore does not require delaying the start of these two treatments. Immediate reconstruction therefore simplifies the breast reconstruction process and reduces the psychological and social impact of the breast removal procedure, without altering the patient’s treatment plan. Senology Centers are the ideal venue for all prophylactic, diagnostic, oncological, and reconstructive surgeries. The minimum annual surgical activity threshold for Breast Centers is 150 new procedures per year, which must be performed by a single Breast Surgery Unit; ideally, the activity should be carried out by at least two surgeons, each with experience of at least 50 new procedures per year performed as first surgeons.